GLUCOSAMINE

Pronunciation (US):

(GB):

 Dictionary entry overview: What does glucosamine mean? 

• GLUCOSAMINE (noun)
  The noun GLUCOSAMINE has 1 sense:

1. an amino derivative of glucose that is a component of many polysaccharides

  Familiarity information: GLUCOSAMINE used as a noun is very rare.

 Dictionary entry details 

• GLUCOSAMINE (noun)

Sense 1

Meaning:

An amino derivative of glucose that is a component of many polysaccharides

Classified under:

Nouns denoting substances

Hypernyms ("glucosamine" is a kind of...):

amino; amino group (the radical -NH2)

glucose (a monosaccharide sugar that has several forms; an important source of physiological energy)

Holonyms ("glucosamine" is a substance of...):

chitin (a tough semitransparent horny substance; the principal component of the exoskeletons of arthropods and the cell walls of certain fungi)

polyose; polysaccharide (any of a class of carbohydrates whose molecules contain chains of monosaccharide molecules)

 Context examples 

Both glucosamine and chondroitin are naturally occurring substances that play a key role in cartilage formation and repair.

(Glucosamine Sulfate/Chondroitin Sulfate Tablet, NCI Thesaurus)

Galactosyltransferase catalyzes the formation of a glycosidic bond between galactose and N-acetyl-D-glucosamine to create N-acetyllactosamine (D-galactosyl-N-acetyl-D-glucosamine), found in the oligosaccharides of glycoproteins.

(Lactose Synthesis Pathway, NCI Thesaurus/BIOCARTA)

Glucosamine inhibits interleukin-1-induced production of inflammatory mediators (nitric oxide, prostaglandin E2), and inhibit aggrecanase activity, which results in preservation of proteoglycan and chondrocytes.

(MSM/Glucosamine, NCI Thesaurus)

Diazooxonorleucine inhibits several glutamine-dependent biosynthetic pathways involved in the syntheses of D-glucosamine phosphate, purines and pyrimidines.

(Diazooxonorleucine, NCI Thesaurus)

Long-term glucosamine sulfate treatment retards progression of knee osteoarthritis; the mechanism appears to involve glucosamine's role as an essential substrate for glycosaminoglycans and hyaluronic acid, needed for formation of the joint proteoglycan structural matrix.

(Glucosamine Sulfate, NCI Thesaurus)

A glucosaminoglycan consisting of D-glucuronic acid and N-acetyl-D-glucosamine disaccharide units that is a component of connective tissue, skin, vitreous humour, umbilical cord, synovial fluid and the capsule of certain microorganisms contributing to adhesion, elasticity, and viscosity of extracellular substances.

(Hyaluronic Acid, NCI Thesaurus)

Other ingredients in green tea extract-based antioxidant supplement include dry cinnamon extract, germanium, zinc sulfate, manganese sulfate, arginine, cysteine, malic acid, ascorbic acid (vitamin c), glycyrrhizinic acid, glycine, glucosamine, pyridoxal (vitamin B6), calcium pantothenate (vitamin B5), folic acid, cyanocobalamin (vitamin B12).

(Green Tea Extract-based Antioxidant Supplement, NCI Thesaurus)

A combination preparation of glucosamine, a hexosamine sugar polymer, and methyl sulfonyl methane (MSM), a derivative of dimethyl sulphoxide, with anti-arthritic and anti-inflammatory activities.

(MSM/Glucosamine, NCI Thesaurus)

An oral tablet formulation of a dietary supplement containing the sulfate salts of the amino sugar glucosamine and the glucosaminoglycan chondroitin with potential analgesic, anti-inflammatory, and anti-arthritic activities.

(Glucosamine Sulfate/Chondroitin Sulfate Tablet, NCI Thesaurus)

The mechanism of action has not yet been fully elucidated but addition of glucosamine to chondrocytes results in inhibition of proteoglycan catabolism.

(MSM/Glucosamine, NCI Thesaurus)