G

Pronunciation (US):

(GB):

IPA (US):

 Dictionary entry overview: What does G mean? 

• G (noun)
  The noun G has 9 senses:

1. a metric unit of weight equal to one thousandth of a kilogram

2. a purine base found in DNA and RNA; pairs with cytosine

3. one of the four nucleotides used in building DNA; all four nucleotides have a common phosphate group and a sugar (ribose)

4. the cardinal number that is the product of 10 and 100

5. a unit of force equal to the force exerted by gravity; used to indicate the force to which a body is subjected when it is accelerated

6. a unit of information equal to 1000 megabytes or 10^9 (1,000,000,000) bytes

7. a unit of information equal to 1024 mebibytes or 2^30 (1,073,741,824) bytes

8. (physics) the universal constant relating force to mass and distance in Newton's law of gravitation

9. the 7th letter of the Roman alphabet

  Familiarity information: G used as a noun is familiar.

 Dictionary entry details 

• G (noun)

Sense 1

Meaning:

A metric unit of weight equal to one thousandth of a kilogram

Classified under:

Nouns denoting quantities and units of measure

Synonyms:

g; gm; gram; gramme

Hypernyms ("g" is a kind of...):

metric weight unit; weight unit (a decimal unit of weight based on the gram)

Meronyms (parts of "g"):

obolus (a Greek unit of weight equal to one tenth of a gram)

carat (a unit of weight for precious stones = 200 mg)

Holonyms ("g" is a part of...):

dag; decagram; dekagram; dkg (10 grams)

Sense 2

Meaning:

A purine base found in DNA and RNA; pairs with cytosine

Classified under:

Nouns denoting substances

Synonyms:

G; guanine

Hypernyms ("G" is a kind of...):

purine (any of several bases that are derivatives of purine)

Holonyms ("G" is a substance of...):

deoxyribonucleic acid; desoxyribonucleic acid; DNA ((biochemistry) a long linear polymer found in the nucleus of a cell and formed from nucleotides and shaped like a double helix; associated with the transmission of genetic information)

ribonucleic acid; RNA ((biochemistry) a long linear polymer of nucleotides found in the nucleus but mainly in the cytoplasm of a cell where it is associated with microsomes; it transmits genetic information from DNA to the cytoplasm and controls certain chemical processes in the cell)

Sense 3

Meaning:

One of the four nucleotides used in building DNA; all four nucleotides have a common phosphate group and a sugar (ribose)

Classified under:

Nouns denoting substances

Synonyms:

deoxyguanosine monophosphate; G

Hypernyms ("G" is a kind of...):

base; nucleotide (a phosphoric ester of a nucleoside; the basic structural unit of nucleic acids (DNA or RNA))

Sense 4

Meaning:

The cardinal number that is the product of 10 and 100

Classified under:

Nouns denoting quantities and units of measure

Synonyms:

1000; chiliad; G; grand; K; M; one thousand; thou; thousand; yard

Hypernyms ("G" is a kind of...):

large integer (an integer equal to or greater than ten)

Hyponyms (each of the following is a kind of "G"):

millenary (a sum or aggregate of one thousand (especially one thousand years))

Sense 5

Meaning:

A unit of force equal to the force exerted by gravity; used to indicate the force to which a body is subjected when it is accelerated

Classified under:

Nouns denoting quantities and units of measure

Synonyms:

g; g-force; gee

Hypernyms ("g" is a kind of...):

force unit (a unit of measurement of physical force)

Sense 6

Meaning:

A unit of information equal to 1000 megabytes or 10^9 (1,000,000,000) bytes

Classified under:

Nouns denoting quantities and units of measure

Synonyms:

G; GB; gigabyte

Hypernyms ("G" is a kind of...):

computer memory unit (a unit for measuring computer memory)

Meronyms (parts of "G"):

M; MB; megabyte (a unit of information equal to 1000 kilobytes or 10^6 (1,000,000) bytes)

Holonyms ("G" is a part of...):

TB; terabyte (a unit of information equal to 1000 gigabytes or 10^12 (1,000,000,000,000) bytes)

Sense 7

Meaning:

A unit of information equal to 1024 mebibytes or 2^30 (1,073,741,824) bytes

Classified under:

Nouns denoting quantities and units of measure

Synonyms:

G; GB; GiB; gibibyte; gigabyte

Hypernyms ("G" is a kind of...):

computer memory unit (a unit for measuring computer memory)

Meronyms (parts of "G"):

M; MB; mebibyte; megabyte; MiB (a unit of information equal to 1024 kibibytes or 2^20 (1,048,576) bytes)

Holonyms ("G" is a part of...):

TB; tebibyte; terabyte; TiB (a unit of information equal to 1024 gibibytes or 2^40 (1,099,511,627,776) bytes)

Sense 8

Meaning:

(physics) the universal constant relating force to mass and distance in Newton's law of gravitation

Classified under:

Nouns denoting quantities and units of measure

Synonyms:

constant of gravitation; G; gravitational constant; universal gravitational constant

Hypernyms ("G" is a kind of...):

constant (a number representing a quantity assumed to have a fixed value in a specified mathematical context)

Domain category:

natural philosophy; physics (the science of matter and energy and their interactions)

Holonyms ("G" is a part of...):

law of gravitation; Newton's law of gravitation ((physics) the law that states any two bodies attract each other with a force that is directly proportional to the product of their masses and inversely proportional to the square of the distance between them)

Sense 9

Meaning:

The 7th letter of the Roman alphabet

Classified under:

Nouns denoting communicative processes and contents

Hypernyms ("G" is a kind of...):

alphabetic character; letter; letter of the alphabet (the conventional characters of the alphabet used to represent speech)

Holonyms ("G" is a member of...):

Latin alphabet; Roman alphabet (the alphabet evolved by the ancient Romans which serves for writing most of the languages of western Europe)

 Context examples 

In human pathology, settings where this term is utilized may include prognostic implications; e.g., more favorable prognosis and minimal metastatic potential compared to greater extents of invasion.

(Microinvasive Carcinoma of the Mouse Prostate Gland, NCI Thesaurus/MMHCC)

One pathway, mediated by the G protein Gi, underlies opioids’ pain-relieving properties.

(Designing more effective opioids, NIH)

Worldwide, sodium intake is slightly less than 4 g/day, though there are wide geographical and cultural variations.

(Study Shows Average Consumption of Salt Good for Heart Health, The Titi Tudorancea Bulletin)

Metastatic renal cell cancer is stage IV, but stage IV includes some non-metastatic tumors, e.g.

(Metastatic Renal Cell Cancer, NCI Thesaurus)

Everyone has DNA sequences that consist of the chemical bases A, C, G, T. Genomic variants occur in DNA regions where one of those bases is replaced with another, across various individuals.

(Study of multiethnic genomes identifies 27 genetic variants associated with disease, National Institutes of Health)

An assessment by microscope (e.g., light, electron, confocal, etc.).

(Microscopic Examination, NCI Thesaurus/CDISC)

Causes include infections and the use of certain medications (e.g., antibiotics and steroids).

(Acneiform Dermatitis, NCI Thesaurus)

A monoclonal immunoglobulin G 1 (IgG1) antibody to murine leukemia virus (MuLV) 1.4.

(Monoclonal Antibody 1.4, NCI Thesaurus)

Like its name, it seems that comet 67P/C-G is in two parts.

(Rosetta Comet May Be a Contact Binary, NASA)

Inactivating mutations of APC cause accumulation of beta-Catenin, which binds TCF4 and increases transcription of target genes (e.g., c-MYC) and binds GSK3-beta in the WNT signaling pathway.

(Adenomatous Polyposis Coli Protein, NCI Thesaurus)