BYSTANDER

Pronunciation (US):

(GB):

IPA (US):

 Dictionary entry overview: What does bystander mean? 

• BYSTANDER (noun)
  The noun BYSTANDER has 1 sense:

1. a nonparticipant spectator

  Familiarity information: BYSTANDER used as a noun is very rare.

 Dictionary entry details 

• BYSTANDER (noun)

Sense 1

Meaning:

A nonparticipant spectator

Classified under:

Nouns denoting people

Hypernyms ("bystander" is a kind of...):

looker; spectator; viewer; watcher; witness (a close observer; someone who looks at something (such as an exhibition of some kind))

 Context examples 

Expression of sst2 protein by this agent could induce both antioncogenic and local antitumor bystander effects.

(CYL-02 Plasmid DNA, NCI Thesaurus)

B cells that are not activated by antigen, bystander B cells, can interact through CD40 with the CD40 ligand on T cells.

(Bystander B Cell Activation Pathway, NCI Thesaurus/BIOCARTA)

Tumor cells adjacent to tumor cells transduced with this agent may be killed through a 'bystander effect'.

(Ad5-yCD/mutTK(SR39)rep-ADP, NCI Thesaurus)

“Bravely drawn! A rare shoot!” shouted the bystanders.

(The White Company, by Sir Arthur Conan Doyle)

His being only a bystander was not disclaimed.

(Mansfield Park, by Jane Austen)

Additionally, adjacent non-transfected cells are also killed by the activated antiviral drug, a phenomenon referred to as the bystander effect that occurs with this type of suicide-gene transfer technique.

(PA-1-STK Ovarian Carcinoma Vaccine, NCI Thesaurus)

Additionally, as a bystander effect, adjacent non-transfected cells may be killed by the activated antiviral drug.

(Ad5.SSTR/TK.RGD, NCI Thesaurus)

I looked anxiously around; but the inquiry made no impression on any of the bystanders, if I except a man in gaiters, with one eye, who suggested that they had better put a brass collar round my neck, and tie me up in the stable.

(David Copperfield, by Charles Dickens)

And an app developed by the same team at the Institute of Global Health, dubbed SNAPP, will use machine learning to help health workers by identifying a snake from a photo supplied by them, a victim or a bystander.

(Snakebite resolution set for Health Assembly approval, SciDev.Net)

As an immunostimulatory sequence (ISS) that signals through Toll-like receptor 9 (TLR9), ISS 1018 CpG ODN induces the production of immunoglobulin by B cells and interferon (IFN) -alpha, IFN-beta, interleukin (IL) -12, and tumor necrosis factor (TNF) -alpha by plasmacytoid dendritic cells (pDC). pDC, through cell-cell contact, and IFN-alpha and -beta, in turn, induce natural killer (NK) cell proliferation, NK cell production of IFN-gamma, and NK cell-mediated cytotoxicity; secreted IFNs also stimulate bystander T cell activation and differentiation of naive CD4+ T cells into T-helper 1 cells on specific antigen challenge.

(ISS 1018 CpG Oligodeoxynucleotide, NCI Thesaurus)